{"id":3271,"date":"2023-08-25T18:05:00","date_gmt":"2023-08-25T18:05:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.fundacioncanal.com\/blog\/?p=3271"},"modified":"2023-09-05T13:17:41","modified_gmt":"2023-09-05T13:17:41","slug":"sequia-y-desertificacion-dos-caras-de-la-misma-moneda","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.fundacioncanal.com\/blog\/en\/sequia-y-desertificacion-dos-caras-de-la-misma-moneda\/","title":{"rendered":"Drought and desertification: Two sides of the same coin?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

\"\"<\/a>\"\"\"\"<\/a><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

(Estimated reading time: 5,52 minutes) <\/em>\u2013 Audio version of article available.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The ongoing scarcity of precipitation causes meteorological drought<\/a>, which generally affects large zones and generates the rest of droughts: hydrological, agricultural, socioeconomic, etc. According to the AEMET (Spanish National Weather Agency), Spain has been in a situation of meteorological drought<\/strong> since January of 2022 (winter 2022\/2023 climate balance sheet<\/a>).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Storing water in reservoirs is\nessential to manage this valuable resource and be sure that we can supply it\nboth regularly and in times of drought. Within this context of climate change\nand scarce precipitation, the amount of stored water has reduced in recent\nyears, and this trend is plunging downward.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/a>
VIDEO VIEW<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
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At the beginning of this hydrological\nyear, 1 October 2022, which is when a typically Mediterranean climate such as\nour own is at its lowest, Spanish reservoir reserves<\/strong> were at 14,944 hm3<\/sup>,\nwhich is 32% of total capacity. And in 2023, after an extremely dry spring (the\nsecond driest since 1995), and despite the late rains in May, at the beginning\nof the meteorological summer, the reservoirs were at 47.4% capacity,<\/a> 21% below the average of the past 10 years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This reduction in the amount of\nwater stored in reservoirs is accompanied by increased extreme temperatures<\/strong>,\nwhich stress periods of drought and complicate management of reserves.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In this vein, according to the World Meteorological Organization<\/a>, world temperatures will break records over the next\nfive years. The cause: not only greenhouse gas emissions caused by human\nactivity, but also the end of the natural phenomenon La Ni\u00f1a in March 2023,\nwhich will foreseeably be followed by El Ni\u00f1o in upcoming months. The El\nNi\u00f1o phenomenon<\/strong> normally goes hand-in-hand with increased temperatures\naround the world the year after its formation, meaning in 2024.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Mid-long term, according to models\nmade by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC)<\/strong> for an\nintermediate emissions scenario (with current emissions reduced to a certain\nextent, but without a drastic change in energy models), from now until 2100\nthere will be a pronounced reduction in precipitation in the Mediterranean\nregion, with decreased snowfall and uncertainty in terms of the evolution of\nextreme precipitations. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

The situation we have just described\nis accelerating processes like desertification<\/a>,<\/strong> which can be\ndefined as degradation of land in arid, semi-arid, and sub-humid dry lands, the\nresult of factors such as climate variations and human activities. In this\ncontext, an increase in the aridity index on the Iberian\nPeninsula<\/a> is predicted, where broad zones in\nthe southeast and centre of the Peninsula will join the semi-arid and arid\ncategories at the end of the century.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In order to halt this\ndesertification process, the Ministry for the Ecological Transition and\nDemographic Challenge drew up the Estrategia Nacional de Lucha contra la\nDesertificaci\u00f3n <\/em>(National Strategy for\nthe Fight Against Desertification)<\/a> in 2022, which adapts the Programa de Acci\u00f3n Nacional\ncontra la Desertificaci\u00f3n<\/em> (National Action Programme Against\nDesertification) (PAND, 2008) to the new international agenda with sustainable\nland management measures and measures to restore desertified land, in addition\nto other measures, such as improving tools for risk management and\ndecision-making in the fight against this phenomenon.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is precisely within the\ninternational sphere that we find interesting initiatives to attempt to reverse\nthis situation, such as the Great Green Wall in Africa<\/strong>. This is a project\npromoted by the African Union to fight the impact of desertification and\nenvironmental degradation, supported by the United Nations and the European\nUnion. It involves 20 Sub-Saharan African countries and seeks to reforest a\nswath 7,000 km long and 15 wide to the south of the Saharan desert with\ndifferent initiatives. The UN estimates that 33 billion dollars will be needed\nto restore the 100 million hectares by 2030. To facilitate funding flows, an Accelerator<\/a> for the Great Green Wall has been provided. To date,\nit has raised 19 billion dollars for the project.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Initiatives like this one show us\nthat it is in our hands to take action, to double down in our efforts for\nsustainable water management, and to promote imaginative and innovative\nsolutions to contain and reverse the climate crisis<\/strong> toward a scenario with\ngreater balance and respect for our environment.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

(Estimated reading time: 5,52 minutes) \u2013 Audio version of article available. The ongoing scarcity of precipitation causes meteorological drought, which generally affects large zones and generates the rest of droughts: hydrological, agricultural, socioeconomic, etc. According to the AEMET (Spanish National Weather Agency), Spain has been in a situation of meteorological drought since January of 2022…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":10,"featured_media":3240,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[111],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3271","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-mitigating-and-adapting-to-climate-change"],"yoast_head":"\nDrought and desertification: Two sides of the same coin? - Fundaci\u00f3n Canal<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Drought and desertification: Two sides of the same coin?\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.fundacioncanal.com\/blog\/sequia-y-desertificacion\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Drought and desertification: Two sides of the same coin? 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